Applied English Review: Professor Chamber's Class of Tuesday, September 17, 2002

Three levels of analysis: system, state, individual

• Three-hundred years ago there were not many international issues.
• People travel much more now.
• Communication -- Internet, telephone,

What is system level analysis? = a way to look at world conditions (economics, technology, power relationships, etc.) affect the actions of states and other international "____________________ "

Structural characteristics

A. Organization of authority: how do you organize who has power

1. ____________________ ____________________-- authority goes up and down = someone is a top and everyone is below

2. ____________________ ____________________ -- authority is equal = no country officially has power over other countries = Japan, U.S., Russia, India and Germany are all s____________________n

B. "Actors" (have an influence on systems)

1. States

2.____________________ ____________________(IGOs) = more than one government working together -- for example, ____________________ ____________________ ____________________

3. ____________________ ____________________(NGOs) = private international organizations -- for example, ____________________ ____________________ ____________________

4. ____________________ ____________________(MNCs) = businesses that operate in more than one country-- for example, ____________________ ____________________ ____________________

5. Terrorists groups = for example, ____________________

C. Scope and Level of Interaction

1. Increasing the number of actions over more issues -- for example, economic interdependence

2. The influence of modern telecommunications and travel

Power relationships

A. Polar systems

1. Unipolar

2. ____________________

3. Tripolar

4. ____________________polar

B. Power changes: causes and effects

1. Causes of change in power (power can be force, economic, .... )

a. Sources of power (changes?)

• Weapons of mass destruction
• Decline of usefulness of military power, for example, Japan
• Economic sanctions, due to interdependence

b. Conditions within major actors

• Domestic politics =(politics inside a country): for example, Russia's power has been reduced
• Role of a particular leader: Hitler, Hussein
• Willingness to be an active participant: U.S. unwilling to lead?

c. Balance of power politics

• Tendency of some states to try to get regional dominance or global dominance
• Other states try to prevent this by getting more power for themselves or through alliances

2. Effects of change in power

a. Sources of power or distribution of power changes the operation of the system

b. Distribution of power changes can also alter the system

Economic patterns

A. Economic interdependence -- leading to peace or creating tension?

B. Natural resource production and natural resource consumption: oil politics

C. Poor distribution of development: North-South rivalry

Norms of behavior